Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher known for his political theories that laid the foundation for modern social contract theory. His works particularly “Leviathan” explored the nature of governmen, society and the individual’s role in the state.
Hobbes believed that in the state of nature, without government or laws, life would be ”’solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.” He argued that humans are naturally self-interested and competitive m, leading to a constant state of conflict.
Hobbes advocated for an absolute monarchy as the most effective form of government. He believed that a strong central authority was necessary to prevent the return to the state of nature. The sovereign’s power should be unquestioned to maintain peace and stability in societ.
To escape the chaos of the state of nature, Hobbes proposed the social contract theory. According to him, individuals willingly give up some of their freedoms to a sovereign authority in exchange for protection and security. This sovereign, or Leviathan, has absolute power to maintain order and prevent conflict.
Thomas Hobbes’ political ideas centered around the need for a powerful government to control human nature and ensure social order. His theories on the social contract and absolute monarchy continue to influence political philosophy and governance systems.
Politics Philosopher 